Table of Contents
This chapter describes how to obtain and install MySQL. A summary of the procedure follows and later sections provide the details. If you plan to upgrade an existing version of MySQL to a newer version rather than install MySQL for the first time, see Section 2.11, Upgrading MySQL, for information about upgrade procedures and about issues that you should consider before upgrading.
Determine whether MySQL runs and is supported on your platform. Please note that not all platforms are equally suitable for running MySQL, and that not all platforms on which MySQL is known to run are officially supported by MySQL AB. See Section 2.1.1, Operating Systems On Which MySQL Is Known To Run, for details.
Choose which distribution to install. Several versions of MySQL are available, and most are available in several distribution formats. You can choose from pre-packaged distributions containing binary (precompiled) programs or source code. When in doubt, use a binary distribution. We also provide public access to our current source tree for those who want to see our most recent developments and help us test new code. To determine which version and type of distribution you should use, see Section 2.1.2, Choosing Which MySQL Distribution to Install.
Download the distribution that you want to
install. For instructions, see
Section 2.1.3, How to Get MySQL. To verify the integrity of the
distribution, use the instructions in
Section 2.1.4, Verifying Package Integrity Using MD5 Checksums or
GnuPG.
Install the distribution. To install MySQL from a binary distribution, use the instructions in Section 2.2, Standard MySQL Installation Using a Binary Distribution. To install MySQL from a source distribution or from the current development source tree, use the instructions in Section 2.9, MySQL Installation Using a Source Distribution.
If you encounter installation difficulties, see Section 2.13, Operating System-Specific Notes, for information on solving problems for particular platforms.
Perform any necessary post-installation setup. After installing MySQL, read Section 2.10, Post-Installation Setup and Testing. This section contains important information about making sure the MySQL server is working properly. It also describes how to secure the initial MySQL user accounts, which have no passwords until you assign passwords. The section applies whether you install MySQL using a binary or source distribution.
If you want to run the MySQL benchmark scripts, Perl support for MySQL must be available. See Section 2.14, Perl Installation Notes.
Before installing MySQL, you should do the following:
Determine whether MySQL runs on your platform.
Choose a distribution to install.
Download the distribution and verify its integrity.
This section contains the information necessary to carry out these steps. After doing so, you can use the instructions in later sections of the chapter to install the distribution that you choose.
This section lists the operating systems on which MySQL is known to run.
Important: MySQL AB does not necessarily provide official support for all the platforms listed in this section. For information about those platforms which MySQL AB officially supports, see MySQL Server Supported Platforms on the MySQL Web site.
We use GNU Autoconf, so it is possible to port MySQL to all modern systems that have a C++ compiler and a working implementation of POSIX threads. (Thread support is needed for the server. To compile only the client code, the only requirement is a C++ compiler.) We use and develop the software ourselves primarily on Linux (SuSE and Red Hat), FreeBSD, and Sun Solaris (versions 8 and 9).
MySQL has been reported to compile successfully on the following combinations of operating system and thread package. Note that for many operating systems, native thread support works only in the latest versions.
AIX 4.x, 5.x with native threads. See Section 2.13.5.3, IBM-AIX notes.
Amiga.
BSDI 2.x with the MIT-pthreads package. See Section 2.13.4.4, BSD/OS Version 2.x Notes.
BSDI 3.0, 3.1 and 4.x with native threads. See Section 2.13.4.4, BSD/OS Version 2.x Notes.
Digital Unix 4.x with native threads. See Section 2.13.5.5, Alpha-DEC-UNIX Notes (Tru64).
FreeBSD 2.x with the MIT-pthreads package. See Section 2.13.4.1, FreeBSD Notes.
FreeBSD 3.x and 4.x with native threads. See Section 2.13.4.1, FreeBSD Notes.
FreeBSD 4.x with LinuxThreads. See Section 2.13.4.1, FreeBSD Notes.
HP-UX 10.20 with the DCE threads or the MIT-pthreads package. See Section 2.13.5.1, HP-UX Version 10.20 Notes.
HP-UX 11.x with the native threads. See Section 2.13.5.2, HP-UX Version 11.x Notes.
Linux 2.0+ with LinuxThreads 0.7.1+ or
glibc 2.0.7+ for various CPU
architectures. See Section 2.13.1, Linux Notes.
Mac OS X. See Section 2.13.2, Mac OS X Notes.
NetBSD 1.3/1.4 Intel and NetBSD 1.3 Alpha (requires GNU make). See Section 2.13.4.2, NetBSD Notes.
Novell NetWare 6.0 and 6.5. See Section 2.7, Installing MySQL on NetWare.
OpenBSD 2.5 and with native threads. OpenBSD earlier than 2.5 with the MIT-pthreads package. See Section 2.13.4.3, OpenBSD 2.5 Notes.
OS/2 Warp 3, FixPack 29 and OS/2 Warp 4, FixPack 4. See Section 2.13.6, OS/2 Notes.
SCO OpenServer 5.0.X with a recent port of the FSU Pthreads package. See Section 2.13.5.8, SCO UNIX and OpenServer 5.0.x Notes.
SCO Openserver 6.0.x. See Section 2.13.5.9, SCO OpenServer 6.0.x Notes.
SCO UnixWare 7.1.x. See Section 2.13.5.10, SCO UnixWare 7.1.x and OpenUNIX 8.0.0 Notes.
SGI Irix 6.x with native threads. See Section 2.13.5.7, SGI Irix Notes.
Solaris 2.5 and above with native threads on SPARC and x86. See Section 2.13.3, Solaris Notes.
SunOS 4.x with the MIT-pthreads package. See Section 2.13.3, Solaris Notes.
Tru64 Unix. See Section 2.13.5.5, Alpha-DEC-UNIX Notes (Tru64).
Windows 9x, Me, NT, 2000, XP, and Windows Server 2003. See Section 2.3, Installing MySQL on Windows.
Not all platforms are equally well-suited for running MySQL. How well a certain platform is suited for a high-load mission-critical MySQL server is determined by the following factors:
General stability of the thread library. A platform may have an excellent reputation otherwise, but MySQL is only as stable as the thread library it calls, even if everything else is perfect.
The capability of the kernel and the thread library to take advantage of symmetric multi-processor (SMP) systems. In other words, when a process creates a thread, it should be possible for that thread to run on a CPU different from the original process.
The capability of the kernel and the thread library to run
many threads that acquire and release a mutex over a short
critical region frequently without excessive context
switches. If the implementation of
pthread_mutex_lock() is too anxious to
yield CPU time, this hurts MySQL tremendously. If this issue
is not taken care of, adding extra CPUs actually makes MySQL
slower.
General filesystem stability and performance.
If your tables are large, performance is affected by the ability of the filesystem to deal with large files at all and to deal with them efficiently.
Our level of expertise here at MySQL AB with the platform. If we know a platform well, we enable platform-specific optimizations and fixes at compile time. We can also provide advice on configuring your system optimally for MySQL.
The amount of testing we have done internally for similar configurations.
The number of users that have run MySQL successfully on the platform in similar configurations. If this number is high, the likelihood of encountering platform-specific surprises is much smaller.
Based on the preceding criteria, the best platforms for running
MySQL at this point are x86 with SuSE Linux using a 2.4 or 2.6
kernel, and ReiserFS (or any similar Linux distribution) and
SPARC with Solaris (2.7-9). FreeBSD comes third, but we really
hope it joins the top club once the thread library is improved.
We also hope that at some point we are able to include into the
top category all other platforms on which MySQL currently
compiles and runs, but not quite with the same level of
stability and performance. This requires some effort on our part
in cooperation with the developers of the operating systems and
library components that MySQL depends on. If you are interested
in improving one of those components, are in a position to
influence its development, and need more detailed instructions
on what MySQL needs to run better, send an email message to the
MySQL internals mailing list. See
Section 1.7.1, MySQL Mailing Lists.
Please note that the purpose of the preceding comparison is not to say that one operating system is better or worse than another in general. We are talking only about choosing an OS for the specific purpose of running MySQL. With this in mind, the result of this comparison might be different if other factors were considered. In some cases, the reason one OS is better for MySQL than another might simply be that we have been able to put more effort into testing and optimizing for a particular platform. We are just stating our observations to help you decide which platform to use for running MySQL.
When preparing to install MySQL, you should decide which version to use. MySQL development occurs in several release series, and you can pick the one that best fits your needs. After deciding which version to install, you can choose a distribution format. Releases are available in binary or source format.
The first decision to make is whether you want to use a production (stable) release or a development release. In the MySQL development process, multiple release series co-exist, each at a different stage of maturity:
MySQL 5.1 is the current development release series.
MySQL 5.0 is the current stable (production-quality) release series. New releases are issued for bugfixes only; no new features are being added that could effect stability.
MySQL 4.1 is the previous stable (production-quality) release series. New releases are issued for critical bugfixes and security fixes. No significant new features are to be added to this series.
MySQL 4.0 and 3.23 are the old stable (production-quality) release series. These versions are now retired, so new releases are issued only to fix extremely critical bugs (primarily security issues).
We do not believe in a complete code freeze because this prevents us from making bugfixes and other fixes that must be done. By somewhat frozen we mean that we may add small things that should not affect anything that currently works in a production release. Naturally, relevant bugfixes from an earlier series propagate to later series.
Normally, if you are beginning to use MySQL for the first time or trying to port it to some system for which there is no binary distribution, we recommend going with the production release series. Currently, this is MySQL 5.0. All MySQL releases, even those from development series, are checked with the MySQL benchmarks and an extensive test suite before being issued.
If you are running an older system and want to upgrade, but do not want to take the chance of having a non-seamless upgrade, you should upgrade to the latest version in the same release series you are using (where only the last part of the version number is newer than yours). We have tried to fix only fatal bugs and make only small, relatively safe changes to that version.
If you want to use new features not present in the production release series, you can use a version from a development series. Note that development releases are not as stable as production releases.
If you want to use the very latest sources containing all current patches and bugfixes, you can use one of our BitKeeper repositories. These are not releases as such, but are available as previews of the code on which future releases are to be based.
The MySQL naming scheme uses release names that consist of
three numbers and a suffix; for example,
mysql-4.1.2-alpha. The numbers within the
release name are interpreted like this:
The first number (4) is the major
version and also describes the file format. All version 4
releases have the same file format.
The second number (1) is the release
level. Taken together, the major version and release level
constitute the release series number.
The third number (2) is the version
number within the release series. This is incremented for
each new release. Usually you want the latest version for
the series you have chosen.
For each minor update, the last number in the version string is incremented. When there are major new features or minor incompatibilities with previous versions, the second number in the version string is incremented. When the file format changes, the first number is increased.
Release names also include a suffix to indicates the stability level of the release. Releases within a series progress through a set of suffixes to indicate how the stability level improves. The possible suffixes are:
alpha indicates that the release is for preview purposes only. Known bugs should be documented in the News section (see Appendix D, MySQL Change History). Most alpha releases implement new commands and extensions. Active development that may involve major code changes can occur in an alpha release. However, we do conduct testing before issuing a release.
beta indicates that the release is appropriate for use with new development. Within beta releases, the features and compatibility should remain consistent. However, beta releases may contain numerous and major unaddressed bugs.
All APIs, externally visible structures, and columns for SQL statements will not change during future beta, release candidate, or production releases.
rc indicates a Release Candidate. Release candidates are believed to be stable, having passed all of MySQL's internal testing, and with all known fatal runtime bugs fixed. However, the release has not been in widespread use long enough to know for sure that all bugs have been identified. Only minor fixes are added. (A release candidate is what formerly was known as a gamma release.)
If there is no suffix, it indicates that the release is a General Availability (GA) or Production release. GA releases are stable, having successfully passed through all earlier release stages and are believed to be reliable, free of serious bugs, and suitable for use in production systems. Only critical bugfixes are applied to the release.
MySQL uses a naming scheme that is slightly different from most other products. In general, it is usually safe to use any version that has been out for a couple of weeks without being replaced by a new version within the same release series.
All releases of MySQL are run through our standard tests and benchmarks to ensure that they are relatively safe to use. Because the standard tests are extended over time to check for all previously found bugs, the test suite keeps getting better.
All releases have been tested at least with these tools:
An internal test suite
The mysql-test directory contains an
extensive set of test cases. We run these tests for
virtually every server binary. See
Section 19.1.2, MySQL Test Suite, for more information
about this test suite.
The MySQL benchmark suite
This suite runs a range of common queries. It is also a test to determine whether the latest batch of optimizations actually made the code faster. See Section 7.1.4, The MySQL Benchmark Suite.
The crash-me test
This test tries to determine what features the database supports and what its capabilities and limitations are. See Section 7.1.4, The MySQL Benchmark Suite.
We also test the newest MySQL version in our internal production environment, on at least one machine. We have more than 100GB of data to work with.
After choosing which version of MySQL to install, you should decide whether to use a binary distribution or a source distribution. In most cases, you should probably use a binary distribution, if one exists for your platform. Binary distributions are available in native format for many platforms, such as RPM files for Linux or PKG package installers for Mac OS X or Solaris. Distributions also are available as Zip archives or compressed tar files.
Reasons to choose a binary distribution include the following:
Binary distributions generally are easier to install than source distributions.
To satisfy different user requirements, we provide two different binary versions. One is compiled with the core feature set. The other (MySQL-Max) is compiled with an extended feature set. Both versions are compiled from the same source distribution. All native MySQL clients can connect to servers from either MySQL version.
The extended MySQL binary distribution is identified by
the -max suffix and is configured with
the same options as mysqld-max. See
Section 5.3, The mysqld-max Extended MySQL Server.
For RPM distributions, if you want to use the
MySQL-Max RPM, you must first install
the standard MySQL-server RPM.
Under some circumstances, you may be better off installing MySQL from a source distribution:
You want to install MySQL at some explicit location. The standard binary distributions are ready to run at any installation location, but you might require even more flexibility to place MySQL components where you want.
You want to configure mysqld to ensure that features are available that might not be included in the standard binary distributions. Here is a list of the most common extra options that you may want to use to ensure feature availability:
--with-berkeley-db (not available on
all platforms)
--with-raid
--with-libwrap
--with-named-z-libs (this is done for
some of the binaries)
--with-debug[=full]
You want to configure mysqld without some features that are included in the standard binary distributions. For example, distributions normally are compiled with support for all character sets. If you want a smaller MySQL server, you can recompile it with support for only the character sets you need.
You have a special compiler (such as
pgcc) or want to use compiler options
that are better optimized for your processor. Binary
distributions are compiled with options that should work
on a variety of processors from the same processor family.
You want to use the latest sources from one of the BitKeeper repositories to have access to all current bugfixes. For example, if you have found a bug and reported it to the MySQL development team, the bugfix is committed to the source repository and you can access it there. The bugfix does not appear in a release until a release actually is issued.
You want to read (or modify) the C and C++ code that makes up MySQL. For this purpose, you should get a source distribution, because the source code is always the ultimate manual.
Source distributions contain more tests and examples than binary distributions.
MySQL is evolving quite rapidly and we want to share new developments with other MySQL users. We try to produce a new release whenever we have new and useful features that others also seem to have a need for.
We also try to help users who request features that are easy to implement. We take note of what our licensed users want, and we especially take note of what our support customers want and try to help them in this regard.
No one is required to download a new release. The News section helps you determine whether the new release has something you really want. See Appendix D, MySQL Change History.
We use the following policy when updating MySQL:
Releases are issued within each series. For each release, the last number in the version is one more than the previous release within the same series.
Production (stable) releases are meant to appear about 1-2 times a year. However, if small bugs are found, a release with only bugfixes is issued.
Working releases/bugfixes to old releases are meant to appear about every 4-8 weeks.
Binary distributions for some platforms are made by us for major releases. Other people may make binary distributions for other systems, but probably less frequently.
We make fixes available as soon as we have identified and corrected small or non-critical but annoying bugs. The fixes are available immediately from our public BitKeeper repositories, and are included in the next release.
If by any chance a fatal bug is found in a release, our policy is to fix it in a new release as soon as possible. (We would like other companies to do this, too!)
We put considerable time and effort into making our releases bug-free. Our policy is never to release a version of MySQL intended for production use that has any known fatal, repeatable bugs.
We have documented all open problems, bugs, and issues that are dependent on design decisions. See Section A.8, Known Issues in MySQL.
Our aim is to fix everything that is fixable without making a stable MySQL version less stable. In certain cases, this means we can fix an issue in the development versions, but not in the stable (production) version. Naturally, we document such issues so that users are aware of them.
Here is a description of our build process:
We monitor bugs from our customer support list, the bugs database at http://bugs.mysql.com/, and the MySQL external mailing lists.
All reported bugs for live versions are entered into the bugs database.
When we fix a bug, we always try to make a test case for it and include it into our test system to ensure that the bug can never recur without being detected. (About 90% of all fixed bugs have test cases.)
We create test cases for each new feature that we add to MySQL.
Before we start to build a new MySQL release, we ensure that all reported repeatable bugs for that MySQL version (3.23.x, 4.0.x, 4.1.x, 5.0.x, 5.1.x, and so on) are fixed. If something is impossible to fix due to some internal design decision in MySQL, we document this in the manual. See Section A.8, Known Issues in MySQL.
We do a build on all platforms for which we support binaries and run our test suite and benchmark suite on all of them.
We do not publish a binary for a platform for which the test or benchmark suite fails. If the problem is due to a general error in the source, we fix it and do the build plus tests on all systems again from scratch.
The build and test process takes a week. If we receive a report regarding a fatal bug during this process (for example, one that causes a core dump), we fix the problem and restart the build process.
After publishing the binaries on
http://dev.mysql.com/, we send out an
announcement message to the mysql and
announce mailing lists. See
Section 1.7.1, MySQL Mailing Lists. The announcement message
contains a list of all changes to the release and any
known problems with the release. The
Known Problems section in
the release notes has been needed for only a handful of
releases.
To quickly give our users access to the latest MySQL features, we try to produce a new MySQL release every 4-8 weeks. Source code snapshots are built daily and are available at http://downloads.mysql.com/snapshots.php.
If, despite our best efforts, we receive any bug reports
after a release is issued that a critical problem exists
for the build on a specific platform, we fix it at once
and build a new 'a' release for that
platform. Thanks to our large user base, problems are
found and resolved very quickly.
Our track record for making stable releases is quite good.
In the last 150 releases, we had to do a new build for
fewer than 10 of them. In three of these cases, the bug
was a faulty glibc library on one of
our build machines that took us a long time to track down.
As a service of MySQL AB, we provide a set of binary distributions of MySQL that are compiled on systems at our site or on systems where supporters of MySQL kindly have given us access to their machines.
In addition to the binaries provided in platform-specific
package formats, we offer binary distributions for a number of
platforms in the form of compressed tar
files (.tar.gz files). See
Section 2.2, Standard MySQL Installation Using a Binary Distribution.
RPM distributions prior to MySQL 3.22 are user-contributed. Beginning with MySQL 3.22, RPM distributions that we make available through our Web site are generated by MySQL AB.
For Windows distributions, see Section 2.3, Installing MySQL on Windows.
These distributions are generated using the script
Build-tools/Do-compile, which compiles the
source code and creates the binary tar.gz
archive using
scripts/make_binary_distribution.
These binaries are configured and built with the following
compilers and options. This information can also be obtained
by looking at the variables COMP_ENV_INFO
and CONFIGURE_LINE inside the script
bin/mysqlbug of every binary
tar file distribution.
Anyone who has more optimal options for any of the following
configure commands can mail them to the
MySQL internals mailing list. See
Section 1.7.1, MySQL Mailing Lists.
If you want to compile a debug version of MySQL, you should
add --with-debug or
--with-debug=full to the following
configure commands and remove any
-fomit-frame-pointer options.
The following binaries are built on MySQL AB development systems:
Linux 2.4.xx x86 with gcc 2.95.3:
CFLAGS="-O2 -mcpu=pentiumpro" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O2 -mcpu=pentiumpro -felide-constructors" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --enable-assembler --disable-shared --with-client-ldflags=-all-static --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static
Linux 2.4.x x86 with icc (Intel C++ Compiler 8.1 or later releases):
CC=icc CXX=icpc CFLAGS="-O3 -unroll2 -ip -mp -no-gcc -restrict" CXXFLAGS="-O3 -unroll2 -ip -mp -no-gcc -restrict" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql/data --libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --enable-assembler --disable-shared --with-client-ldflags=-all-static --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --with-embedded-server --with-innodb
Note that versions 8.1 and newer of the Intel compiler
have separate drivers for 'pure' C
(icc) and C++
(icpc); if you use
icc version 8.0 or older for building
MySQL, you will need to set CXX=icc.
Linux 2.4.xx Intel Itanium 2 with ecc (Intel C++ Itanium Compiler 7.0):
CC=ecc CFLAGS="-O2 -tpp2 -ip -nolib_inline" CXX=ecc CXXFLAGS="-O2 -tpp2 -ip -nolib_inline" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile
Linux 2.4.xx Intel Itanium with ecc (Intel C++ Itanium Compiler 7.0):
CC=ecc CFLAGS=-tpp1 CXX=ecc CXXFLAGS=-tpp1 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile
Linux 2.4.xx alpha with ccc (Compaq C
V6.2-505 / Compaq C++ V6.3-006):
CC=ccc CFLAGS="-fast -arch generic" CXX=cxx CXXFLAGS="-fast -arch generic -noexceptions -nortti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --with-mysqld-ldflags=-non_shared --with-client-ldflags=-non_shared --disable-shared
Linux 2.x.xx ppc with gcc 2.95.4:
CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql/data --libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --disable-shared --with-embedded-server --with-innodb
Linux 2.4.xx s390 with gcc 2.95.3:
CFLAGS="-O2" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O2 -felide-constructors" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --disable-shared --with-client-ldflags=-all-static --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static
Linux 2.4.xx x86_64 (AMD64) with gcc 3.2.1:
CXX=gcc ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --disable-shared
Sun Solaris 8 x86 with gcc 3.2.3:
CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql/data --libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --disable-shared --with-innodb
Sun Solaris 8 SPARC with gcc 3.2:
CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --enable-assembler --with-named-z-libs=no --with-named-curses-libs=-lcurses --disable-shared
Sun Solaris 8 SPARC 64-bit with gcc 3.2:
CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O3 -m64 -fno-omit-frame-pointer" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3 -m64 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --with-named-z-libs=no --with-named-curses-libs=-lcurses --disable-shared
Sun Solaris 9 SPARC with gcc 2.95.3:
CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --enable-assembler --with-named-curses-libs=-lcurses --disable-shared
Sun Solaris 9 SPARC with cc-5.0 (Sun
Forte 5.0):
CC=cc-5.0 CXX=CC ASFLAGS="-xarch=v9" CFLAGS="-Xa -xstrconst -mt -D_FORTEC_ -xarch=v9" CXXFLAGS="-noex -mt -D_FORTEC_ -xarch=v9" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --enable-assembler --with-named-z-libs=no --enable-thread-safe-client --disable-shared
IBM AIX 4.3.2 ppc with gcc 3.2.3:
CFLAGS="-O2 -mcpu=powerpc -Wa,-many " CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O2 -mcpu=powerpc -Wa,-many -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --with-named-z-libs=no --disable-shared
IBM AIX 4.3.3 ppc with xlC_r (IBM
Visual Age C/C++ 6.0):
CC=xlc_r CFLAGS="-ma -O2 -qstrict -qoptimize=2 -qmaxmem=8192" CXX=xlC_r CXXFLAGS ="-ma -O2 -qstrict -qoptimize=2 -qmaxmem=8192" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql/data --libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --with-named-z-libs=no --disable-shared --with-innodb
IBM AIX 5.1.0 ppc with gcc 3.3:
CFLAGS="-O2 -mcpu=powerpc -Wa,-many" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O2 -mcpu=powerpc -Wa,-many -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --with-named-z-libs=no --disable-shared
IBM AIX 5.2.0 ppc with xlC_r (IBM
Visual Age C/C++ 6.0):
CC=xlc_r CFLAGS="-ma -O2 -qstrict -qoptimize=2 -qmaxmem=8192" CXX=xlC_r CXXFLAGS="-ma -O2 -qstrict -qoptimize=2 -qmaxmem=8192" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql/data --libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --with-named-z-libs=no --disable-shared --with-embedded-server --with-innodb
HP-UX 10.20 pa-risc1.1 with gcc 3.1:
CFLAGS="-DHPUX -I/opt/dce/include -O3 -fPIC" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-DHPUX -I/opt/dce /include -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti -O3 -fPIC" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --with-pthread --with-named-thread-libs=-ldce --with-lib-ccflags=-fPIC --disable-shared
HP-UX 11.00 pa-risc with aCC (HP ANSI
C++ B3910B A.03.50):
CC=cc CXX=aCC CFLAGS=+DAportable CXXFLAGS=+DAportable ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql/data --libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --disable-shared --with-embedded-server --with-innodb
HP-UX 11.11 pa-risc2.0 64bit with aCC
(HP ANSI C++ B3910B A.03.33):
CC=cc CXX=aCC CFLAGS=+DD64 CXXFLAGS=+DD64 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --disable-shared
HP-UX 11.11 pa-risc2.0 32bit with aCC
(HP ANSI C++ B3910B A.03.33):
CC=cc CXX=aCC CFLAGS="+DAportable" CXXFLAGS="+DAportable" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql/data --libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --disable-shared --with-innodb
HP-UX 11.22 ia64 64bit with aCC (HP
aC++/ANSI C B3910B A.05.50):
CC=cc CXX=aCC CFLAGS="+DD64 +DSitanium2" CXXFLAGS="+DD64 +DSitanium2" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql/data --libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --disable-shared --with-embedded-server --with-innodb
Apple Mac OS X 10.2 powerpc with gcc 3.1:
CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --disable-shared
FreeBSD 4.7 i386 with gcc 2.95.4:
CFLAGS=-DHAVE_BROKEN_REALPATH ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --enable-assembler --with-named-z-libs=not-used --disable-shared
FreeBSD 4.7 i386 using LinuxThreads with gcc 2.95.4:
CFLAGS="-DHAVE_BROKEN_REALPATH -D__USE_UNIX98 -D_REENTRANT -D_THREAD_SAFE -I/usr/local/include/pthread/linuxthreads" CXXFLAGS="-DHAVE_BROKEN_REALPATH -D__USE_UNIX98 -D_REENTRANT -D_THREAD_SAFE -I/usr/local/include/pthread/linuxthreads" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql/data --libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --enable-assembler --with-named-thread-libs="-DHAVE_GLIBC2_STYLE_GETHOSTBYNAME_R -D_THREAD_SAFE -I /usr/local/include/pthread/linuxthreads -L/usr/local/lib -llthread -llgcc_r" --disable-shared --with-embedded-server --with-innodb
QNX Neutrino 6.2.1 i386 with gcc 2.95.3qnx-nto 20010315:
CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --disable-shared
The following binaries are built on third-party systems kindly provided to MySQL AB by other users. These are provided only as a courtesy; MySQL AB does not have full control over these systems, so we can provide only limited support for the binaries built on them.
SCO Unix 3.2v5.0.7 i386 with gcc 2.95.3:
CFLAGS="-O3 -mpentium" LDFLAGS=-static CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3 -mpentium -felide-constructors" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --with-named-z-libs=no --enable-thread-safe-client --disable-shared
SCO UnixWare 7.1.4 i386 with CC 3.2:
CC=cc CFLAGS="-O" CXX=CC ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --with-named-z-libs=no --enable-thread-safe-client --disable-shared --with-readline
SCO OpenServer 6.0.0 i386 with CC 3.2:
CC=cc CFLAGS="-O" CXX=CC ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --with-named-z-libs=no --enable-thread-safe-client --disable-shared --with-readline
Compaq Tru64 OSF/1 V5.1 732 alpha with
cc/cxx (Compaq C V6.3-029i / DIGITAL
C++ V6.1-027):
CC="cc -pthread" CFLAGS="-O4 -ansi_alias -ansi_args -fast -inline speed -speculate all" CXX="cxx -pthread" CXXFLAGS="-O4 -ansi_alias -fast -inline speed -speculate all -noexceptions -nortti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --with-named-thread-libs="-lpthread -lmach -lexc -lc" --disable-shared --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static
SGI Irix 6.5 IP32 with gcc 3.0.1:
CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer" CXXFLAGS="-O3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --disable-shared
FreeBSD/sparc64 5.0 with gcc 3.2.1:
CFLAGS=-DHAVE_BROKEN_REALPATH ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql/data --libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --disable-shared --with-innodb
The following compile options have been used for binary packages that MySQL AB provided in the past. These binaries no longer are being updated, but the compile options are listed here for reference purposes.
Linux 2.2.xx SPARC with egcs 1.1.2:
CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-local-infile --enable-assembler --disable-shared
Linux 2.2.x with x686 with gcc 2.95.2:
CFLAGS="-O3 -mpentiumpro" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3 -mpentiumpro -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --enable-assembler --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --disable-shared --with-extra-charsets=complex
SunOS 4.1.4 2 sun4c with gcc 2.7.2.1:
CC=gcc CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3 -felide-constructors" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --disable-shared --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-assembler
SunOS 5.5.1 (and above) sun4u with egcs 1.0.3a or 2.90.27 or gcc 2.95.2 and newer:
CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O3" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3 -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-low-memory --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-assembler
SunOS 5.6 i86pc with gcc 2.8.1:
CC=gcc CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS=-O3 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-low-memory --with-extra-charsets=complex
BSDI BSD/OS 3.1 i386 with gcc 2.7.2.1:
CC=gcc CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS=-O ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex
BSDI BSD/OS 2.1 i386 with gcc 2.7.2:
CC=gcc CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS=-O3 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex
AIX 4.2 with gcc 2.7.2.2:
CC=gcc CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS=-O3 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex
Check our downloads page at http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/ for information about the current version of MySQL and for downloading instructions. For a complete up-to-date list of MySQL download mirror sites, see http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mirrors.html. You can also find information there about becoming a MySQL mirror site and how to report a bad or out-of-date mirror.
Our main mirror is located at http://mirrors.sunsite.dk/mysql/.
After you have downloaded the MySQL package that suits your needs and before you attempt to install it, you should make sure that it is intact and has not been tampered with. MySQL AB offers three means of integrity checking:
MD5 checksums
Cryptographic signatures using GnuPG, the
GNU Privacy Guard
For RPM packages, the built-in RPM integrity verification mechanism
The following sections describe how to use these methods.
If you notice that the MD5 checksum or GPG signatures do not
match, first try to download the respective package one more
time, perhaps from another mirror site. If you repeatedly cannot
successfully verify the integrity of the package, please notify
us about such incidents, including the full package name and the
download site you have been using, at
<webmaster@mysql.com> or
<build@mysql.com>. Do not report downloading
problems using the bug-reporting system.
After you have downloaded a MySQL package, you should make
sure that its MD5 checksum matches the one provided on the
MySQL download pages. Each package has an individual checksum
that you can verify with the following command, where
package_name is the name of the
package you downloaded:
shell> md5sum package_name
Example:
shell> md5sum mysql-standard-4.0.17-pc-linux-i686.tar.gz
60f5fe969d61c8f82e4f7f62657e1f06 mysql-standard-4.0.17-pc-linux-i686.tar.gz
You should verify that the resulting checksum (the string of hexadecimal digits) matches the one displayed on the download page immediately below the respective package.
Note: Make sure to verify the
checksum of the archive file (for
example, the .zip or
.tar.gz file) and not of the files that are
contained inside of the archive.
Note that not all operating systems support the
md5sum command. On some, it is simply
called md5, and others do not ship it at
all. On Linux, it is part of the GNU
Text Utilities package, which is available for a
wide range of platforms. You can download the source code from
http://www.gnu.org/software/textutils/ as well.
If you have OpenSSL installed, you can use the command
openssl md5
package_name instead. A
Windows implementation of the md5 command
line utility is available from
http://www.fourmilab.ch/md5/.
winMd5Sum is a graphical MD5 checking tool
that can be obtained from
http://www.nullriver.com/index/products/winmd5sum.
Another method of verifying the integrity and authenticity of a package is to use cryptographic signatures. This is more reliable than using MD5 checksums, but requires more work.
Beginning with MySQL 4.0.10 (February 2003), MySQL AB started
signing downloadable packages with GnuPG
(GNU Privacy Guard).
GnuPG is an Open Source alternative to the
very well-known Pretty Good Privacy
(PGP) by Phil Zimmermann. See
http://www.gnupg.org/ for more information
about GnuPG and how to obtain and install
it on your system. Most Linux distributions ship with
GnuPG installed by default. For more
information about OpenPGP, see
http://www.openpgp.org/.
To verify the signature for a specific package, you first need
to obtain a copy of MySQL AB's public GPG build key, which you
can download from http://www.keyserver.net/.
The key that you want to obtain is named
build@mysql.com. Alternatively, you can cut
and paste the key directly from the following text:
Key ID:
pub 1024D/5072E1F5 2003-02-03
MySQL Package signing key (www.mysql.com) <build@mysql.com>
Fingerprint: A4A9 4068 76FC BD3C 4567 70C8 8C71 8D3B 5072 E1F5
Public Key (ASCII-armored):
-----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
Version: GnuPG v1.0.6 (GNU/Linux)
Comment: For info see http://www.gnupg.org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=YJkx
-----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
To import the build key into your personal public GPG keyring,
use gpg --import. For example, if you have
saved the key in a file named
mysql_pubkey.asc, the import command
looks like this:
shell> gpg --import mysql_pubkey.asc
After you have downloaded and imported the public build key,
download your desired MySQL package and the corresponding
signature, which also is available from the download page. The
signature file has the same name as the distribution file with
an .asc extension. For example:
| Distribution file | mysql-standard-4.0.17-pc-linux-i686.tar.gz |
| Signature file | mysql-standard-4.0.17-pc-linux-i686.tar.gz.asc |
Make sure that both files are stored in the same directory and then run the following command to verify the signature for the distribution file:
shell> gpg --verify package_name.asc
Example:
shell> gpg --verify mysql-standard-4.0.17-pc-linux-i686.tar.gz.asc
gpg: Warning: using insecure memory!
gpg: Signature made Mon 03 Feb 2003 08:50:39 PM MET
using DSA key ID 5072E1F5
gpg: Good signature from
"MySQL Package signing key (www.mysql.com) <build@mysql.com>"
The Good signature message indicates that
everything is all right. You can ignore any insecure
memory warning you might obtain.
See the GPG documentation for more information on how to work with public keys.
For RPM packages, there is no separate signature. RPM packages have a built-in GPG signature and MD5 checksum. You can verify a package by running the following command:
shell> rpm --checksig package_name.rpm
Example:
shell> rpm --checksig MySQL-server-4.0.10-0.i386.rpm
MySQL-server-4.0.10-0.i386.rpm: md5 gpg OK
Note: If you are using RPM
4.1 and it complains about (GPG) NOT OK (MISSING
KEYS: GPG#5072e1f5), even though you have imported
the MySQL public build key into your own GPG keyring, you need
to import the key into the RPM keyring first. RPM 4.1 no
longer uses your personal GPG keyring (or GPG itself). Rather,
it maintains its own keyring because it is a system-wide
application and a user's GPG public keyring is a user-specific
file. To import the MySQL public key into the RPM keyring,
first obtain the key as described in
Section 2.1.4.2, Signature Checking Using GnuPG. Then use
rpm --import to import the key. For
example, if you have saved the public key in a file named
mysql_pubkey.asc, import it using this
command:
shell> rpm --import mysql_pubkey.asc
If you need to obtain the MySQL public key, see
Section 2.1.4.2, Signature Checking Using GnuPG.
This section describes the default layout of the directories created by installing binary or source distributions provided by MySQL AB. A distribution provided by another vendor might use a layout different from those shown here.
On Windows, the default installation directory is
C:\mysql. With MySQL version 4.1.5 and
higher, this has changed to C:\Program
Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 4.1, where 4.1 is the major
version of the installation. The folder has the following
subdirectories:
| Directory | Contents of Directory |
bin | Client programs and the mysqld server |
data | Log files, databases |
Docs | Manual in CHM format |
examples | Example programs and scripts |
include | Include (header) files |
lib | Libraries |
scripts | Utility scripts |
share | Error message files |
Installations created from MySQL AB's Linux RPM distributions result in files under the following system directories:
| Directory | Contents of Directory |
/usr/bin | Client programs and scripts |
/usr/sbin | The mysqld server |
/var/lib/mysql | Log files, databases |
/usr/share/info | Manual in Info format |
/usr/share/man | Unix manual pages |
/usr/include/mysql | Include (header) files |
/usr/lib/mysql | Libraries |
/usr/share/mysql | Error message and character set files |
/usr/share/sql-bench | Benchmarks |
On Unix, a tar file binary distribution is
installed by unpacking it at the installation location you
choose (typically /usr/local/mysql) and
creates the following directories in that location:
| Directory | Contents of Directory |
bin | Client programs and the mysqld server |
data | Log files, databases |
docs | Manual in Info format |
man | Unix manual pages |
include | Include (header) files |
lib | Libraries |
scripts | mysql_install_db |
share/mysql | Error message files |
sql-bench | Benchmarks |
A source distribution is installed after you configure and
compile it. By default, the installation step installs files
under /usr/local, in the following
subdirectories:
| Directory | Contents of Directory |
bin | Client programs and scripts |
include/mysql | Include (header) files |
Docs | Manual in Info, CHM formats |
man | Unix manual pages |
lib/mysql | Libraries |
libexec | The mysqld server |
share/mysql | Error message files |
sql-bench | Benchmarks and crash-me test |
var | Databases and log files |
Within its installation directory, the layout of a source installation differs from that of a binary installation in the following ways:
The mysqld server is installed in the
libexec directory rather than in the
bin directory.
The data directory is var rather than
data.
mysql_install_db is installed in the
bin directory rather than in the
scripts directory.
The header file and library directories are
include/mysql and
lib/mysql rather than
include and lib.
You can create your own binary installation from a compiled
source distribution by executing the
scripts/make_binary_distribution script
from the top directory of the source distribution.
The next several sections cover the installation of MySQL on platforms where we offer packages using the native packaging format of the respective platform. (This is also known as performing a binary install.) However, binary distributions of MySQL are available for many other platforms as well. See Section 2.8, Installing MySQL on Other Unix-Like Systems, for generic installation instructions for these packages that apply to all platforms.
See Section 2.1, General Installation Issues, for more information on what other binary distributions are available and how to obtain them.
A native Windows distribution of MySQL has been available from MySQL AB since version 3.21 and represents a sizable percentage of the daily downloads of MySQL. This section describes the process for installing MySQL on Windows.
With the release of MySQL 4.1.5, MySQL AB has introduced a new installer for the Windows version of MySQL, combined with a new GUI Configuration Wizard. This combination automatically installs MySQL, creates an option file, starts the server, and secures the default user accounts.
Note: If you are upgrading MySQL from an existing installation older than MySQL 4.1.5, you must first perform the the procedure described in Section 2.3.14, Upgrading MySQL on Windows.
To run MySQL on Windows, you need the following:
A 32-bit Windows operating system such as 9x, Me, NT, 2000, XP, or Windows Server 2003.
A Windows NT-based operating system (NT, 2000, XP, 2003) permits you to run the MySQL server as a service. The use of a Windows NT-based operating system is strongly recommended. See Section 2.3.11, Starting MySQL as a Windows Service.
Generally, you should install MySQL on Windows using an
account that has administrator rights. Otherwise, you may
encounter problems with certain operations such as editing the
PATH environment variable or accessing the
Service Control Manager.
TCP/IP protocol support.
Enough space on the hard drive to unpack, install, and create the databases in accordance with your requirements (generally a minimum of 200 megabytes is recommended.)
There may also be other requirements, depending on how you plan to use MySQL:
If you plan to connect to the MySQL server via ODBC, you need a Connector/ODBC driver. See Chapter 18, Connectors.
If you need tables with a size larger than 4GB, install MySQL
on an NTFS or newer filesystem. Don't forget to use
MAX_ROWS and
AVG_ROW_LENGTH when you create tables. See
Section 13.1.5, CREATE TABLE Syntax.
MySQL for Windows is available in several distribution formats:
Binary distributions are available that contain a setup program that installs everything you need so that you can start the server immediately. Another binary distribution format contains an archive that you simply unpack in the installation location and then configure yourself. For details, see Section 2.3.1, Choosing An Installation Package.
The source distribution contains all the code and support files for building the executables using the Visual Studio 7.1 compiler system.
Generally speaking, you should use a binary distribution that includes an installer. It is simpler to use than the others, and you need no additional tools to get MySQL up and running. The installer for the Windows version of MySQL, combined with a GUI Configuration Wizard, automatically installs MySQL, creates an option file, starts the server, and secures the default user accounts.
The following section describes how to install MySQL on Windows using a binary distribution. To use an installation package that does not include an installer, follow the procedure described in Section 2.3.5, Installing MySQL from a Noinstall Zip Archive. To install using a source distribution, see Section 2.9.6, Installing MySQL from Source on Windows.
MySQL distributions for Windows can be downloaded from http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/. See Section 2.1.3, How to Get MySQL.
Starting with MySQL version 4.1.5, there are three install packages to choose from when installing MySQL on Windows. The Packages are as follows:
The Essentials Package:
This package has a filename similar to
mysql-essential-4.1.13a-win32.msi and
contains the minimum set of files needed to install MySQL on
Windows, including the Configuration Wizard. This package
does not include optional components such as the embedded
server and benchmark suite.
The Complete Package: This
package has a filename similar to
mysql-4.1.13a-win32.zip and contains
all files needed for a complete Windows installation,
including the Configuration Wizard. This package includes
optional components such as the embedded server and
benchmark suite.
The Noinstall Archive: This
package has a filename similar to
mysql-noinstall-4.1.13a-win32.zip and
contains all the files found in the Complete install
package, with the exception of the Configuration Wizard.
This package does not include an automated installer, and
must be manually installed and configured.
The Essentials package is recommended for most users. It is
provided as an .msi file for use with the
Windows Installer. The Complete and Noinstall distributions are
packaged as Zip archives. To use them, you must have a tool that
can unpack .zip files.
Your choice of install package affects the installation process you must follow. If you choose to install either the Essentials or Complete install packages, see Section 2.3.2, Installing MySQL with the Automated Installer. If you choose to install MySQL from the Noinstall archive, see Section 2.3.5, Installing MySQL from a Noinstall Zip Archive.
Starting with MySQL 4.1.5, users can use the new MySQL Installation Wizard and MySQL Configuration Wizard to install MySQL on Windows. The MySQL Installation Wizard and MySQL Configuration Wizard are designed to install and configure MySQL in such a way that new users can immediately get started using MySQL.
The MySQL Installation Wizard and MySQL Configuration Wizard are available in the Essentials and Complete install packages. They are recommended for most standard MySQL installations. Exceptions include users who need to install multiple instances of MySQL on a single server host and advanced users who want complete control of server configuration.
If you are installing a version of MySQL prior to MySQL 4.1.5, please follow the instructions for installing MySQL from the Noinstall installation package. See Section 2.3.5, Installing MySQL from a Noinstall Zip Archive.
MySQL Installation Wizard is an installer for the MySQL server that uses the latest installer technologies for Microsoft Windows. The MySQL Installation Wizard, in combination with the MySQL Configuration Wizard, allows a user to install and configure a MySQL server that is ready for use immediately after installation.
The MySQL Installation Wizard is the standard installer for all MySQL server distributions, version 4.1.5 and higher. Users of previous versions of MySQL need to shut down and remove their existing MySQL installations manually before installing MySQL with the MySQL Installation Wizard. See Section 2.3.3.7, Upgrading MySQL with the Installation Wizard, for more information on upgrading from a previous version.
Microsoft has included an improved version of their Microsoft Windows Installer (MSI) in the recent versions of Windows. MSI has become the de-facto standard for application installations on Windows 2000, Windows XP, and Windows Server 2003. The MySQL Installation Wizard makes use of this technology to provide a smoother and more flexible installation process.
The Microsoft Windows Installer Engine was updated with the release of Windows XP; those using a previous version of Windows can reference this Microsoft Knowledge Base article for information on upgrading to the latest version of the Windows Installer Engine.
In addition, Microsoft has introduced the WiX (Windows Installer XML) toolkit recently. This is the first highly acknowledged Open Source project from Microsoft. We have switched to WiX because it is an Open Source project and it allows us to handle the complete Windows installation process in a flexible manner using scripts.
Improving the MySQL Installation Wizard depends on the support and feedback of users like you. If you find that the MySQL Installation Wizard is lacking some feature important to you, or if you discover a bug, please report it in our bugs database using the instructions given in Section 1.8, How to Report Bugs or Problems.
The MySQL installation packages can be downloaded from http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/. If the package you download is contained within a Zip archive, you need to extract the archive first.
The process for starting the wizard depends on the contents of
the installation package you download. If there is a
setup.exe file present, double-click it
to start the installation process. If there is an
.msi file present, double-click it to
start the installation process.
There are three installation types available: Typical, Complete, and Custom.
The Typical installation type installs the MySQL server, the mysql command-line client, and the command-line utilities. The command-line clients and utilities include mysqldump, myisamchk, and several other tools to help you manage the MySQL server.
The Complete installation type installs all components included in the installation package. The full installation package includes components such as the embedded server library, the benchmark suite, support scripts, and documentation.
The Custom installation type gives you complete control over which packages you wish to install and the installation path that is used. See Section 2.3.3.4, The Custom Install Dialog, for more information on performing a custom install.
If you choose the Typical or Complete installation types and click the button, you advance to the confirmation screen to verify your choices and begin the installation. If you choose the Custom installation type and click the button, you advance to the custom installation dialog, described in Section 2.3.3.4, The Custom Install Dialog.
If you wish to change the installation path or the specific components that are installed by the MySQL Installation Wizard, choose the Custom installation type.
A tree view on the left side of the custom install dialog lists all available components. Components that are not installed have a red X icon; components that are installed have a gray icon. To change whether a component is installed, click on that component's icon and choose a new option from the drop-down list that appears.
You can change the default installation path by clicking the button to the right of the displayed installation path.
After choosing your installation components and installation path, click the button to advance to the confirmation dialog.
Once you choose an installation type and optionally choose your installation components, you advance to the confirmation dialog. Your installation type and installation path are displayed for you to review.
To install MySQL if you are satisfied with your settings, click the button. To change your settings, click the button. To exit the MySQL Installation Wizard without installing MySQL, click the button.
After installation is complete, you have the option of registering with the MySQL web site. Registration gives you access to post in the MySQL forums at forums.mysql.com, along with the ability to report bugs at bugs.mysql.com and to subscribe to our newsletter. The final screen of the installer provides a summary of the installation and gives you the option to launch the MySQL Configuration Wizard, which you can use to create a configuration file, install the MySQL service, and configure security settings.
Once you click the button, the MySQL Installation Wizard begins the installation process and makes certain changes to your system which are described in the sections that follow.
Changes to the Registry
The MySQL Installation Wizard creates one Windows registry key
in a typical install situation, located in
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\MySQL AB.
The MySQL Installation Wizard creates a key named after the
major version of the server that is being installed, such as
MySQL Server 4.1. It contains two string
values, Location and
Version. The Location
string contains the path to the installation directory. In a
default installation it contains C:\Program
Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 4.1\. The
Version string contains the release number.
For example, for an installation of MySQL Server 4.1.5, the
key contains a value of 4.1.5.
These registry keys are used to help external tools identify
the installed location of the MySQL server, preventing a
complete scan of the hard-disk to determine the installation
path of the MySQL server. The registry keys are not required
to run the server, and if you install MySQL using the
noinstall Zip archive, the registry keys
are not created.
Changes to the Start Menu
The MySQL Installation Wizard creates a new entry in the Windows menu under a common MySQL menu heading named after the major version of MySQL that you have installed. For example, if you install MySQL 4.1, the MySQL Installation Wizard creates a MySQL Server 4.1 section in the start menu.
The following entries are created within the new menu section:
: This
is a shortcut to the mysql command-line
client and is configured to connect as the
root user. The shortcut prompts for a
root user password when you connect.
: This is a shortcut to the MySQL Configuration Wizard. Use this shortcut to configure a newly installed server, or to reconfigure an existing server.
: This is a link to the MySQL server documentation that is stored locally in the MySQL server installation directory. This option is not available when the MySQL server is installed from the Essentials installation package.
Changes to the File System
The MySQL Installation Wizard by default installs the MySQL
server to C:\, where
Program
Files\MySQL\MySQL Server
4.1Program Files is the default
location for applications in your system, and
4.1 is the major version of your
MySQL server. This is the new location for the MySQL server,
replacing the former default location of
c:\mysql.
By default, all MySQL applications are stored in a common
directory at C:\, where
Program
Files\MySQLProgram Files is the default
location for applications in your Windows installation. A
typical MySQL installation on a developer machine might look
like this:
C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 4.1 C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Administrator 1.0 C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Query Browser 1.0
This approach makes it easier to manage and maintain all MySQL applications installed on a particular system.
From MySQL version 4.1.5, the new MySQL Installation Wizard can perform server upgrades automatically using the upgrade capabilities of MSI. That means you do not need to remove a previous installation manually before installing a new release. The installer automatically shuts down and removes the previous MySQL service before installing the new version.
Automatic upgrades are available only when upgrading between installations that have the same major and minor version numbers. For example, you can upgrade automatically from MySQL 4.1.5 to MySQL 4.1.6, but not from MySQL 4.1 to MySQL 5.0.
If you are upgrading MySQL version 4.1.4 or earlier to version 4.1.5 or later, you must first manually shut down and remove the older installation before upgrading. Be sure to back up your databases before performing such an upgrade, so that you can restore the databases after the upgrade is completed. It is always recommended that you back up your data before performing any upgrades.
The MySQL Configuration Wizard helps automate the process of
configuring your server under Windows. The MySQL Configuration
Wizard creates a custom my.ini file by
asking you a series of questions and then applying your
responses to a template to generate a
my.ini file that is tuned to your
installation.
The MySQL Configuration Wizard is included with the MySQL server starting with MySQL version 4.1.5, but is designed to work with MySQL servers versions 4.1 and higher. The MySQL Configuration Wizard is currently available for Windows users only.
The MySQL Configuration Wizard is to a large extent the result of feedback that MySQL AB has received from many users over a period of several years. However, if you find that it lacks some feature important to you, please report it in our bugs database using the instructions given in Section 1.8, How to Report Bugs or Problems.
The MySQL Configuration Wizard is typically launched from the MySQL Installation Wizard, as the MySQL Installation Wizard exits. You can also launch the MySQL Configuration Wizard by clicking the entry in the section of the Windows menu.
Alternatively, you can navigate to the
bin directory of your MySQL ins